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Symmetrel (Amantadine) Buyer and Patient Handbook in South Africa

What is Symmetrel?

Symmetrel is the brand name for amantadine, an antiviral pill used mainly to treat and prevent Influenza A infections and to manage symptoms of Parkinson’s disease. The medication is approved by the South African Health Products Regulatory Authority (SAHPRA) and is supplied as 100 mg tablets.

Who Should Use Symmetrel?

• Adults diagnosed with Influenza A (as advised by a qualified health professional)
• Individuals with early-stage Parkinson’s disease or drug-induced extrapyramidal symptoms
• Patients requiring prophylaxis against influenza A during outbreaks (as recommended)

How Does It Work?

Amantadine blocks the M2 protein channel on the influenza A virus, preventing the virus from uncoating inside host cells. In the central nervous system it enhances dopamine release and blocks its reuptake, which helps alleviate rigidity and tremor.

Why Choose Symmetrel?

• Brand reliability: Manufactured by a globally recognised company with strict quality controls.
• Clinical evidence: Decades of use for both antiviral and neurologic indications.
• Availability: Widely stocked in South African pharmacies, with generic amantadine alternatives offering lower cost.

Dosage, Administration, Lifestyle and Dietary Recommendations

Recommended Dosage

• Influenza A prophylaxis or treatment: 100 mg once daily.
• Parkinson’s disease (symptom control): 100 mg twice daily, as directed by a health professional.

How to Take

• Swallow the tablet whole with a full glass of water.
• Can be taken with or without food; consistency helps maintain stable blood levels.

Missed Dose

• If you remember within 12 hours, take it now.
• If it is more than 12 hours later, skip the missed dose and resume your regular schedule.

Overdose

• Call emergency services (112) or go to the nearest hospital.
• Report the amount taken; supportive care may include monitoring of heart rhythm and kidney function.

Special Populations

• Elderly: Start with a lower dose (e.g., 100 mg once daily) and titrate cautiously.
• Renal impairment: Reduce dose to 50 mg once daily; severe dysfunction may require avoidance.
• Pregnancy & breastfeeding: Use only if clearly needed; discuss risks with your health professional.

Lifestyle & Diet

• Avoid large amounts of citrus fruit juice (e.g., grapefruit) as it may affect drug levels.
• Alcohol does not interact directly, but excessive consumption can worsen dizziness or Fatigue.

Precautions and Warnings

• Monitor for signs of confusion, hallucinations, or severe Insomnia, especially in older adults.
• Discontinue if you develop a rash, severe nausea, or breathing difficulties.
• Use with caution in patients with a history of Seizures or cardiac Arrhythmia.

Drug Interactions

Potential Side Effects

Common Side Effects

• Nausea, dry mouth, constipation
• Dizziness, fatigue, insomnia

Less Common Side Effects

• Hallucinations, Agitation, mood swings
• Peripheral Edema, urinary retention

Serious Side Effects

• Severe skin rash or Stevens-Johnson syndrome - seek emergency care
• Sudden cardiac arrhythmia - call emergency services
• Persistent confusion or seizures - consult a health professional promptly

Who Should Avoid This Medication?

• Individuals with known hypersensitivity to amantadine or any tablet components
• Patients with severe Renal Failure (creatinine clearance <30 mL/min)
• Those with a documented history of arrhythmias without specialist supervision

Storage Instructions

• Keep tablets in the original blister pack, stored at room temperature (15-30 °C).
• Protect from moisture and direct sunlight.
• Keep out of reach of children and pets.

Symmetrel Alternatives

Frequently Asked Questions

How long does it take for Symmetrel to start working against influenza?

Symmetrel usually begins to reduce viral replication within 24 hours of the first dose, but full therapeutic effect may be observed after 3-5 days of treatment.

Can I take Symmetrel while drinking coffee?

Yes, moderate coffee consumption does not affect amantadine’s action, but excessive caffeine may worsen insomnia.

Is it safe to drive while on Symmetrel?

Most patients tolerate the medication without impairment, but if you experience dizziness or visual disturbances, avoid driving until you know how you react.

What should I do if I experience a mild rash?

Stop the medication and contact a health professional; a mild rash may progress to a more serious reaction.

Can Symmetrel be used for COVID-19 prevention?

No. Its antiviral activity is specific to influenza A; it has not been shown to prevent or treat COVID-19.

Does taking Symmetrel require any blood tests?

Baseline kidney function should be evaluated before starting, especially in older adults or those with known renal disease.

Why does my heart rate feel faster after starting Symmetrel?

Amantadine can cause mild tachycardia in some individuals; if the heart rate exceeds 100 beats per minute at rest or you feel palpitations, seek medical advice.

Can I switch from Symmetrel to a generic amantadine?

Yes, generic amantadine is bioequivalent; inform your health professional before making the change to ensure appropriate dosing.

Glossary

• Antiviral: A drug that inhibits the development or replication of viruses.
• Extrapyramidal symptoms: Movement disorders such as tremor, rigidity, or involuntary muscle contractions.
• Bioequivalent: Two products that show no significant difference in the rate and extent of absorption.

Disclaimer

The information provided here is for educational purposes only and does not substitute professional medical advice. Off-label use should only be considered after discussion with a qualified health professional. Our online pharmacy service offers convenient ordering and delivery of approved medicines in South Africa, but the ultimate responsibility for safe use rests with the patient. Always consult a health professional before starting, stopping, or changing any medication.