Buy Dilantin Online

Dilantin (Phenytoin) Buyer and Patient Handbook in South Africa

What is Dilantin?

Dilantin is a brand name for the antiepileptic drug phenytoin, classified as a sodium channel blocker. It is primarily used to control tonic-clonic (grand mal) seizures and certain focal Seizures. The product is approved by Health Canada, the US FDA and the South African Health Products Regulatory Authority (SAHPRA) for adult and paediatric use, and it is supplied as a tablet (pill).

Who Should Use Dilantin?

• Adults and children with a confirmed diagnosis of focal or generalized tonic-clonic seizures.
• Patients who have responded well to sodium-channel-blocking agents in the past.
• Individuals whose seizure control has not been achieved with first-line agents such as carbamazepine or valproic acid.
• People able to attend regular blood-level monitoring (phenytoin has a narrow therapeutic window).

How Does It Work?

Phenytoin stabilises neuronal membranes by inhibiting the rapid influx of sodium ions during the early phase of the action potential. Imagine a highway where traffic (electrical signals) constantly streams; phenytoin adds temporary roadblocks that prevent the surge of cars from overwhelming the system. By doing so, it reduces the likelihood of abnormal, high-frequency firing that produces seizures.

The drug does not have abuse potential, but it can cause dose-related toxicity if blood concentrations become too high, which is why routine therapeutic drug monitoring is recommended.

Why Choose Dilantin?

• Established efficacy: Phenytoin has been used for more than 80 years, providing a proven track record for seizure control.
• Brand consistency: The Dilantin formulation is manufactured under strict Good Manufacturing Practices, ensuring uniform tablet strength and dissolution.
• Cost-effective alternatives: Generic phenytoin tablets are widely available in South Africa and are bioequivalent, offering a lower-cost option without compromising effectiveness.

Off-label uses such as Migraine prophylaxis or Neuropathic Pain should only be considered after a qualified health-care professional evaluates the risk-benefit profile.

Dosage, Administration, Lifestyle and Dietary Recommendations

Recommended Dosage

• Initial loading dose: 15-20 mg/kg body weight, divided into 2-3 doses over 24 hours (administered in a hospital setting).
• Maintenance dose: 100 mg tablet taken once or twice daily, adjusted to maintain plasma concentrations between 10-20 µg/mL.

How to Take

1. Swallow the tablet whole with a full glass of water.
2. Take the dose at the same times each day to keep blood levels stable.
3. Do not crush or chew; altered tablets may release the drug too quickly.

Missed Dose

• If you miss a dose and it is less than 6 hours until the next scheduled dose, take the missed tablet now.
• If it is more than 6 hours, skip the missed dose and continue with the regular schedule. Do not double-dose.

Overdose

• Call emergency services (112) immediately.
• Provide details of the amount taken and the time of ingestion.
• Do not induce vomiting unless instructed by a poison-information centre.

Special Populations

• Elderly: Start at the lower end of the dose range; monitor renal and hepatic function closely.
• Children (<12 kg): Use weight-based dosing and frequent plasma level checks.
• Renal or hepatic impairment: Reduce dose and increase monitoring frequency, as clearance may be slowed.

Lifestyle & Diet

• Avoid grapefruit and grapefruit juice - they can increase phenytoin levels.
• Limit alcohol - it may intensify dizziness or Sedation.
• Maintain consistent protein intake - high-protein meals can affect drug absorption.

Precautions and Warnings

• Therapeutic drug monitoring is essential; phenytoin has a narrow therapeutic index.
• Skin reactions (e.g., Stevens-Johnson syndrome) can be life-threatening; discontinue immediately if a rash develops.
• Bone health: Long-term use may reduce calcium absorption; ensure adequate vitamin D and calcium intake.
• Pregnancy: Category D - risk of fetal malformations; discuss alternatives with a health-care professional.

Drug Interactions

Potential Side Effects

Common Side Effects

• Drowsiness
• Nausea or vomiting
• Gingival hyperplasia (overgrowth of gums)
• Tremor of the hands

Less Common Side Effects

• Hirsutism (excess hair growth)
• Ataxia (loss of coordination)
• Peripheral Neuropathy

Serious Side Effects

• Severe skin reactions (e.g., Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis) - stop the medication and seek urgent care.
• Acute hepatic failure - yellowing of skin/eyes, dark urine; contact a medical professional immediately.
• Blood dyscrasias (e.g., agranulocytosis, thrombocytopenia) - unusual bruising or infections require prompt evaluation.

Who Should Avoid This Medication?

• Patients with a known hypersensitivity to phenytoin or any component of the tablet.
• Individuals with a history of severe cutaneous adverse reactions to antiepileptic drugs.
• Patients with uncontrolled Heart Failure (phenytoin can depress myocardial contractility).
• Pregnant women unless no safer alternative is available and the benefits outweigh the risks.

Storage Instructions

• Keep tablets in the original container, tightly closed.
• Store at room temperature (15-30 °C), away from direct sunlight and moisture.
• Keep out of reach of children and pets.

Dilantin Alternatives

Frequently Asked Questions

How long does it take for Dilantin to start working?

Most patients notice a reduction in seizure frequency within 3-5 days of reaching therapeutic blood levels, although full optimisation may require 2-3 weeks of dose adjustments.

Can I drink coffee while taking Dilantin?

Moderate coffee consumption (1-2 cups per day) does not significantly affect phenytoin levels. Large quantities may increase jitteriness, especially if you already experience tremor.

Is Dilantin safe to use with HIV medication?

Some antiretrovirals (e.g., Efavirenz) can lower phenytoin concentrations. Blood-level monitoring and possible dose increase are recommended.

What should I do if I develop a rash?

Stop taking Dilantin immediately and contact a health-care professional. A mild rash may be benign, but any spreading or blistering rash requires urgent evaluation.

Can Dilantin be taken during breastfeeding?

Phenytoin does pass into breast milk in small amounts. Discuss with a health-care professional; benefits of breastfeeding must be weighed against potential infant exposure.

Does Dilantin affect my ability to drive?

Drowsiness or dizziness can impair driving, especially when therapy is initiated or the dose is changed. Avoid operating vehicles until you know how the medication affects you.

Why are regular blood tests required?

Phenytoin levels must stay within a narrow range (10-20 µg/mL) to be effective without causing toxicity. Blood tests ensure doses remain appropriate.

Can I switch from Dilantin to a generic version?

Yes, generic phenytoin is bioequivalent. Inform your pharmacist and maintain regular monitoring during the transition.

Is it okay to miss a dose occasionally?

Missing a single dose is usually not dangerous if you follow the “missed dose” instructions. Repeated missed doses can lead to breakthrough seizures and should be discussed with a health-care professional.

Will Dilantin interact with over-the-counter pain relievers?

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (e.g., ibuprofen) generally have low interaction risk, but high-dose aspirin can increase phenytoin levels. Use caution and consult a professional if you need regular Pain relief.

Glossary

• Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) - Periodic measurement of drug concentration in the blood to ensure efficacy and safety.
• Sodium channel blocker - A class of medicines that reduce neuronal excitability by limiting sodium influx.
• Stevens-Johnson syndrome - A rare, severe skin reaction that can be life-threatening, often triggered by medications.

Disclaimer

The information provided here is for general educational purposes only and does not replace professional medical advice. Off-label uses should only be considered after discussion with a qualified health-care provider. Our service offers information and facilitates access to medicines; it does not prescribe or dispense medication. Always consult a pharmacist or physician before starting, stopping, or changing any medication regimen.