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Maxalt (Rizatriptan) Buyer and Patient Handbook in South Africa

What is Maxalt?

Maxalt is a triptan medication that treats Migraine headaches, belonging to the serotonin receptor agonist class. It works by narrowing blood vessels in the brain and blocking Pain pathways. Approved by the South African Health Products Regulatory Authority as a migraine therapy.

Who Should Use Maxalt?

• Adults and adolescents >13 years with migraine episodes
• Individuals with a history of typical migraine without aura
• Patients who have not responded to NSAIDs or paracetamol
• Those who can take a single dose within 2 hours of migraine onset

How Does It Work?

Maxalt targets 5-HT₁B/₁D receptors on cranial blood vessels, causing vasoconstriction and reducing inflammatory mediators. The resulting relief is usually seen within 40 minutes, allowing you to resume daily activities sooner. It is not habit-forming, although chronic use can lead to rebound headaches.

Why Choose Maxalt?

Benefits: Rapid onset, convenient once-daily dosing with 5 mg or 10 mg options, and a lower risk of drug interactions compared to older triptans. It is available as a generic Rizatriptan, offering cost savings while maintaining efficacy. Off-label use (e.g., Cluster Headaches) requires physician guidance.

Dosage, Administration, Lifestyle, and Dietary Recommendations

Recommended Dosage

• 5 mg once daily as first-line
• Up to 10 mg if 5 mg is insufficient

How to Take

• Swallow promptly with water, preferably with food if you have an empty stomach
• Do not chew or crush the tablet

Missed Dose

• Take the dose as soon as you remember
• If it is almost time for the next day’s dose, skip the missed dose to avoid exceeding the daily limit

Overdose

• Seek emergency medical assistance if you take more than 20 mg in 24 hours
• Signs include Agitation, palpitations, or severe chest pressure

Special Populations

• Pregnancy: Use only if benefits outweigh risks; consult a healthcare professional
• Lactation: Generally considered safe but discuss with a provider
• Renal impairment: Normal dose; limit use in severe impairment (eGFR < 30 ml/min)
• Hepatic impairment: No dosage adjustment needed

Lifestyle & Diet

• Avoid grapefruit and grapefruit juice; they can increase drug concentration
• Moderate alcohol intake; excess can impair absorption
• Maintain balanced hydration to aid metabolism

Precautions and Warnings

• Not for patients with uncontrolled hypertension or Angina
• Avoid combined use with MAO inhibitors and other serotonergic agents
• Monitor for symptoms of serotonin syndrome (confusion, tremor, hyperthermia)

Drug Interactions

Potential Side Effects

Common Side Effects

• Tingling or numbness
• Dry mouth
• Lightheadedness

Less Common Side Effects

• Nausea or vomiting
• Fatigue
• Dizziness

Serious Side Effects

• Chest pain or pressure (seek help)
• Severe allergic reaction (rash, swelling)
• Signs of serotonin syndrome (confusion)

Who Should Avoid This Medication?

• Individuals with a history of uncontrolled High Blood Pressure
• Those with angina or significant cardiac disease
• Patients on monoamine oxidase inhibitors
• Pregnant women unless absolutely necessary
• Lactating females if lacking medical advice

Storage Instructions

• Store at room temperature (15-25 °C)
• Keep away from direct light
• Keep out of reach of children

Maxalt Alternatives

Frequently Asked Questions

How long does Maxalt take to work?

You should feel relief within 40 minutes, though full effect may take up to 2 hours.

Can I take Maxalt if I drink alcohol?

Moderate consumption is fine; heavy drinking can reduce effectiveness and increase side effects.

Is it safe to use Maxalt during exercise?

The medication may cause lightheadedness; start a session slowly and monitor how you feel.

What if the migraine comes back after a dose?

You may take a second dose up to 2-4 hours after the first if needed, but do not exceed the maximum daily dose.

Does Maxalt interact with my antihypertensive medication?

It can slightly raise blood pressure; monitor your readings and discuss adjustments if necessary.

Can I take Maxalt with an OTC cold medicine?

Avoid using cold medicines that contain pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine, as they can also raise blood pressure.

What should I do if I experience chest pain after taking Maxalt?

Seek emergency medical care immediately; chest pain is a red flag for cardiovascular complications.

Glossary

• Triptan - A class of migraine drugs that act on serotonin receptors to reduce inflammation and constrict blood vessels.
• Serotonin syndrome - A potentially severe condition caused by excess serotonin, presenting with confusion, tremor, and fever.
• MAOI (Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor) - A type of antidepressant that, when combined with triptans, can increase serotonin levels dangerously.

Disclaimer

This information is for educational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Off-label use may carry additional risks. Always consider your personal health circumstances and consult a qualified medical professional before using any medication. For questions or guidance, explore options available through reputable local pharmacies online.